Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF1)
Product Description
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Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF-1) is a hormone similar in molecular structure to insulin. It plays a crucial role in childhood growth and continues to have anabolic effects in adults. The IGF-1 test measures the amount of IGF-1 in the blood and is used to evaluate growth disorders, monitor the function of the pituitary gland, and diagnose acromegaly or gigantism.
Normal Ranges
The normal ranges for IGF-1 vary according to age and sex. It is essential to interpret the results in the context of these ranges:
Children:
– Age 1-5 years: 55-327 ng/mL
– Age 6-10 years: 75-517 ng/mL
– Age 11-15 years: 125-661 ng/mL
Females:
– Age 16-24 years: 182-780 ng/mL
– Age 25-39 years: 114-492 ng/mL
– Age 40-54 years: 90-360 ng/mL
– Age 55-70 years: 71-290 ng/mL
– Age 70+ years: 40-220 ng/mL
Males:
– Age 16-24 years: 182-780 ng/mL
– Age 25-39 years: 114-492 ng/mL
– Age 40-54 years: 90-360 ng/mL
– Age 55-70 years: 71-290 ng/mL
– Age 70+ years: 40-220 ng/mL
Function in the Body
IGF-1 is primarily produced in the liver as a response to growth hormone (GH) release from the pituitary gland. It has multiple functions:
– Growth and Development: Stimulates growth in almost every cell in the body, particularly bone and muscle tissue.
– Metabolism: Influences the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins.
– Cellular Repair and Regeneration: Promotes cell growth and the repair of tissues.
– Anti-Aging: Plays a role in the aging process and has been associated with longevity.
Symptoms of Deficiency
IGF-1 deficiency can result from various conditions, including growth hormone deficiency, malnutrition, and liver disease. Symptoms include:
– In Children: Poor growth and short stature, delayed puberty.
– In Adults: Decreased muscle mass and strength, increased body fat, decreased bone density leading to osteoporosis, fatigue, and poor overall quality of life.
Symptoms of Overdose
Excess levels of IGF-1, often due to overproduction of growth hormone (GH), can lead to conditions such as acromegaly and gigantism. Symptoms include:
– In Adults: Enlarged hands and feet, facial bone growth leading to coarse features, joint pain, thickened skin, and insulin resistance.
– In Children: Excessive growth leading to abnormal height (gigantism), and similar symptoms to those seen in adults.
Diagnosis
The IGF-1 test is often part of the diagnostic process for growth disorders and pituitary function evaluation. It involves a simple blood draw, typically performed in the morning when levels are most stable. The test can be used in conjunction with other tests such as GH stimulation or suppression tests.
Indications for Testing:
– Suspected growth hormone deficiency or excess
– Unexplained short stature in children
– Signs of acromegaly or gigantism
– Monitoring of known pituitary disorders
Interpretation:
– Low Levels: May indicate growth hormone deficiency, malnutrition, liver disease, or hypopituitarism.
– High Levels: Suggestive of acromegaly, gigantism, or GH-secreting tumors.
More Information
IGF-1 is a critical biomarker for growth and metabolic processes. Its measurement can provide insight into various health conditions, and monitoring its levels can be crucial for managing diseases related to growth hormone imbalances. Treatment for abnormal IGF-1 levels may include hormone therapy, surgery, or medication to normalize hormone production.
Frequently Asked Questions
Q: What is the IGF-1 test used for?
A: The IGF-1 test is used to assess growth hormone function, diagnose growth disorders, and monitor the treatment of conditions like acromegaly or gigantism.
Q: How is the IGF-1 test performed?
A: The test is performed through a blood draw, typically from a vein in the arm.
Q: Are there any risks associated with the IGF-1 test?
A: The test is generally safe, with minimal risks including slight pain or bruising at the blood draw site.
Q: Can IGF-1 levels fluctuate?
A: IGF-1 levels are relatively stable compared to growth hormone, which fluctuates throughout the day. However, they can vary with age, sex, and health status.
Q: What can affect IGF-1 levels?
A: Age, sex, nutrition, liver function, and overall health can impact IGF-1 levels.
Q: How are abnormal IGF-1 levels treated?
A: Treatment depends on the underlying cause. Growth hormone deficiency might be treated with GH therapy, while excess GH production may require surgery, medication, or radiation therapy.
Q: Is fasting required for the IGF-1 test?
A: Fasting is not typically required for the IGF-1 test, but follow your doctor’s instructions.
Understanding IGF-1 and its role in the body can aid in the diagnosis and management of various growth and metabolic disorders, contributing to improved health outcomes.
Function in the Body
Symptoms of Deficiency
Symptoms of Overdose
Diagnosis
More Information
Frequently Asked Questions
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