Aspartate Aminotransferase AST (SGOT) (GOT)

Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), also known as SGOT or GOT, is an enzyme found in the liver, heart, muscles, and kidneys. It plays a vital role in amino acid metabolism and is used as a marker for liver and heart health.

Normal Range

• Females: 10–35 U/L
• Males: 10–40 U/L
• Children: 10–50 U/L

Function in the Body

AST is involved in amino acid metabolism and helps convert aspartate and alpha-ketoglutarate into glutamate and oxaloacetate. It is crucial for energy production and metabolic pathways in various tissues.

Diseases Revealed by the Test

• Liver Disease: Elevated AST levels can indicate liver damage from hepatitis, cirrhosis, or fatty liver disease.
• Heart Disease: High AST levels may suggest a heart attack or myocarditis.
• Muscle Disorders: Muscle injuries, rhabdomyolysis, and muscular dystrophy can cause increased AST.
• Kidney Disease: Certain kidney conditions can lead to abnormal AST levels.

Symptoms

Elevated AST

• Fatigue
• Nausea
• Jaundice
• Dark urine
• Muscle pain and swelling

Low AST

• Rare, but may be linked to vitamin B6 deficiency

Symptoms of Deficiency and Overdose

• AST Deficiency: Usually related to vitamin B6 deficiency, causing fatigue, irritability, depression, and weakened immune function.
• AST Overdose: No direct overdose, but extremely high AST levels can indicate severe tissue damage.

Diagnosis

• Blood Tests: AST levels are measured in liver panels alongside ALT to assess liver health.
• Additional Tests: ALT, ALP, bilirubin, and imaging tests may be required for a comprehensive diagnosis.
• Electrocardiogram (ECG): In cases of suspected heart disease, an ECG may be performed.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. Why is the AST test done?
   It helps diagnose liver disease, heart problems, and muscle disorders.
2. What causes high AST levels?
   Liver disease, heart disease, muscle damage, and certain medications.
3. How can I lower AST levels?
   Maintain a healthy diet, avoid alcohol, exercise regularly, and treat underlying conditions.
4. Is AST alone enough to diagnose a disease?
   No, it is usually tested with ALT and other markers to determine the underlying cause.
5. What should I do if my AST levels are abnormal?
   Consult a doctor for further evaluation and appropriate treatment.